What does anhydrous hydrofluoric acid do? Performance introduction of anhydrous hydrofluoric acid

[alias] anhydrous hydrogen fluoride

[Molecular formula] HF

[Property] refers to a solution with hydrogen fluoride above 95% and water content below 5%, which is a colorless fuming liquid = easy to gasify under reduced pressure or high temperature , relative density 0.87, boiling point 19.54 ℃:, melting point -83.1 ℃. Can corrode glass and destroy other silicon-containing substances. It is irritating and toxic, and has a strong corrosive effect on the skin and eyes. When dissolved in water, it will violently release heat and become hydrofluoric acid, which has strong water absorption and high chemical activity. It can be combined with many metals and metal oxides, and can also be fluorinated with organic substances. When in contact with metal, it can emit hydrogen gas, which is easy to cause combustion.

[Application] It is the raw material for producing fluorine-containing resin, fluoride salt, organic fluoride, elemental fluorine and “Freon” refrigerant. The nuclear industry is used to produce uranium hexafluoride. In the organic synthesis industry, it is used as a catalyst for polymerization, condensation, isomerization and alkylation. It is also used for the extraction of rare earth elements and radioactive elements, and can also be used as a glass etchant and wood impregnating agent.

[Simplified method] The hydrogen fluoride gas produced by the decomposition of fluorite by sulfuric acid is obtained after crude distillation and rectification.