Fire performance of commonly used building exterior wall insulation materials in my country

At present, the commonly used building exterior wall insulation materials in my country mainly include expanded polystyrene board (eps), extruded polystyrene board (xps), polyurethane (pu), rubber powder polystyrene particles, and inorganic vitrified microspheres and other insulation materials.

EPS and XPS are materials with Class B combustion properties, preferably Class B1. This insulation material melts and drips when exposed to fire, which can easily cause the spread of fire. The CCTV building is XPS, and the fire in Changchun It’s eps. EPS is the most mature for thermal insulation applications, and the thin plastering system is also the most suitable for it. After adding fireproof isolation tape, it can be used in some ordinary buildings and should continue to be used; XPS has been controversial since its birth because its strength is too high. Problems such as poor air permeability, difficulty in bonding, and dimensional stability have always been hidden dangers to project quality. There are many engineering applications, and the most engineering problems occur, such as falling off, cracking, hollowing, etc.

PU appeared as a high-end thermal insulation material at the beginning of its application. It has the lowest thermal conductivity and the best thermal insulation performance. There are also various systems. Among them, the on-site spraying system is the most popular, but there are few successful cases of the on-site spraying system. During on-site molding, the quality is very unstable due to the influence of temperature, humidity, wind, etc., making it difficult to achieve the publicity effect. In addition, other on-site pouring, plate pasting, integrated plates, etc. have a small application area and are difficult to judge. Originally, the PU dry-hanging curtain wall system could take advantage of on-site spray molding when renovating existing buildings. However, a fire in Shanghai basically cut off its survival options.

Poly powder polybenzene particles insulation mortar has good fire prevention performance and will not spread. However, due to the low threshold, it has been made rotten. In the insulation mortar in the insulation mortar, the amount of polybenzene particles is very small. , mainly cement mortar, which does not play the role of thermal insulation at all. However, the rubber powder polystyrene particle insulation system is generally good, but the quality is difficult to control. In addition, if the water absorption rate and long construction period are solved, it will be a very good system. We should focus on developing low thermal conductivity, low water absorption, and quick-drying molding. If the system is successful, there will be market space;

Inorganic vitrified microsphere thermal insulation mortar is actually not much different from rubber powder polystyrene particles in terms of fire protection. The flame retardant performance can reach Class A, but Other properties such as water absorption, workability, shrinkage, thermal conductivity, etc. are worse than polystyrene particles. If the above problems can be solved, they can also be used;

In addition, rock wool, glass wool and other products, It has also begun to be applied under the promotion of national policies, but its inherent problems such as high water absorption, easy powdering, high thermal conductivity, and poor durability require attention. In addition, there are also irritation to the skin during construction, and environmental protection issues during the production process. wait.

In short, my country has not invested enough in the research on building exterior wall insulation materials, building exterior wall insulation systems, and building energy conservation. There is also very little original research, and there are very few original things. In-depth analysis of the problems There are very few people and the road is still long.

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