How to enhance the tensile strength of polyurethane elastomers by bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether?

Introduction

Polyurethane elastomer is a high-performance material widely used in the fields of industry, construction, automobile, medical and other fields. Its excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, chemical resistance and elasticity make it the preferred material in many applications. However, with the continuous increase in application demand, how to further improve the tensile strength of polyurethane elastomers has become an important research topic. This article will discuss in detail the mechanism, application method and its effects of bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether (hereinafter referred to as “bis-ether”) in enhancing the tensile strength of polyurethane elastomers.

1. Basic characteristics of polyurethane elastomers

1.1 Structure of polyurethane elastomer

Polyurethane elastomers are polymers formed by chemical reactions of polyols, isocyanates and chain extenders. Its molecular structure contains a large number of carbamate groups (-NH-CO-O-), which impart excellent elasticity and mechanical properties to the material.

1.2 Properties of polyurethane elastomers

Polyurethane elastomers have the following main properties:

• High elasticity: Can restore the original state within a large deformation range.
• Abrasion resistance: High surface hardness and wear resistance.
• Chemical resistance: It has good tolerance to a variety of chemical substances.
• Mechanical Strength: Has high tensile strength and tear strength.

2. Basic characteristics of bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether

2.1 Chemical structure

The chemical structural formula of bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether is: (CH3)2N-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)2. It is an ether compound containing two dimethylaminoethyl groups.

2.2 Physical Properties

2.3 Chemical Properties

Diesel ethers have the following chemical properties:

• Basic: Because of the dimethylamino group, bis ethers have a certain basicity.
• Reactive activity: Can react with isocyanate and participate in the synthesis of polyurethane.

3. Application of bis ethers in polyurethane elastomers

3.1 Mechanism of action of bis ether

The mechanism of action of bis ethers in polyurethane elastomers mainly includes the following aspects:

• Chapter Extend: Bis ether can act as a chain extender and react with isocyanate to increase the length of the polyurethane molecular chain, thereby increasing the tensile strength of the material.
• Crosslinking: The amino groups in the bis ether can react with isocyanate to form a crosslinking structure and enhance the mechanical properties of the material.
• Catalytic Effect: Bis ether has a certain basicity and can catalyze the synthesis of polyurethane and improve the reaction efficiency.

3.2 Methods for adding bis ether

Di ethers can be added to polyurethane elastomers by:

• Prepolymer method: mix bisether with polyol and isocyanate to form a prepolymer, and then perform chain extension reaction.
• One-step method: Mix bis ether, polyol, isocyanate and chain extender in one go to react.

3.3 Addition of bis ether

The amount of diether added has a significant impact on the properties of polyurethane elastomers. Generally speaking, the amount of diether is added is 1-5% of the total amount of polyol and isocyanate. The specific amount of addition should be adjusted according to actual application requirements.

4. Experimental study on the tensile strength of bis-ether reinforced polyurethane elastomers

4.1 Experimental Materials

4.2 Experimental Methods

1. Preparation of prepolymers: Mix the polyol and isocyanate in a certain proportion, react at 80°C for 2 hours to form a prepolymer.
2. Chain Extended Reaction: Mix the prepolymer with bisether and chain extender and react at 80°C for 1 hour to form a polyurethane elastomer.
3. Sample Preparation: Pour the reaction product into a mold, cure at 100°C for 24 hours, and prepare it into a standard sample.
4. Property Test: Perform performance tests on the sample such as tensile strength and elongation at break.

4.3 Experimental results

4.4 Results Analysis

From the experimental results, it can be seen that with the increase of the amount of bisether addition, the tensile strength of the polyurethane elastomer has increased significantly, while the elongation of break has decreased. This shows that the addition of bis-ethers can effectively enhance the mechanical strength of the polyurethane elastomer, but slightly reduce its elasticity.

5. Mechanism analysis of the tensile strength of bis-ether reinforced polyurethane elastomers

5.1 Chain extension function

As a chain extender, bisether can react with isocyanate to increase the length of the polyurethane molecular chain. Long-chain molecules have higher intermolecular forces, thereby increasing the tensile strength of the material.

5.2 Crosslinking

The amino groups in the bis ether can react with isocyanate to form a crosslinked structure. The crosslinked structure can limit the movement of the molecular chain and enhance the mechanical properties of the material.

5.3 Catalysis

The alkalinity of bis ethers can catalyze the synthesis of polyurethane and improve the reaction efficiency. Efficient synthesis reactions help to form a more uniform molecular structure, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the material.

6. Application examples of bis-ether reinforced polyurethane elastomers

6.1 Automobile Industry

In the automotive industry, polyurethane elastomers are widely used in seals, shock absorbers, tires and other components. By adding bis ether, the tensile strength and wear resistance of these components can be significantly improved and their service life can be extended.

6.2 Construction Industry

In the construction industry, polyurethane elastomers are used in waterproof materials, sealants, coatings, etc. The addition of bis ethers can improve the mechanical strength and weather resistance of these materials, ensuring their long-term stability in harsh environments.

6.3 Medical Industry

In the medical industry, polyurethane elastomers are used to make catheters, artificial organs, medical tapes, etc. By adding bis ether, the mechanical strength and biocompatibility of these medical devices can be improved, ensuring their safety and reliability.

7. Future development direction of bis-ether reinforced polyurethane elastomers

7.1 Development of new bis ethers

With the continuous expansion of the application field of polyurethane elastomers, the performance requirements for bisexual ethers are becoming higher and higher. In the future, new biethers with higher reactive and lower toxicity can be developed to meet different application needs.

7.2 Synergistic effect of bis ethers and other additives

The synergy between bis ether and other additives (such as fillers, plasticizers, antioxidants, etc.) is also an important research direction. By optimizing the formulation, the comprehensive performance of polyurethane elastomers can be further improved.

7.3 Development of green and environmentally friendly biether

With the increase in environmental awareness, the development of green and environmentally friendly bisexuals has become an important trend. In the future, we can study the use of renewable resources to synthesize bis ethers to reduce environmental pollution.

8. Conclusion

Bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, as an effective chain extender and crosslinker, can significantly enhance the tensile strength of polyurethane elastomers. Through reasonable addition amount and addition method, the mechanical properties can be improved without significantly reducing the elasticity of the material. In the future, with the development of new bis ethers and the advancement of application technology, the application prospects of bis ethers in polyurethane elastomers will be broader.

Appendix

Appendix 1: Common Application Areas of Polyurethane Elastomers

Appendix 2: Common suppliers of bis ethers

Appendix 3: Performance testing standards for polyurethane elastomers

Through the detailed explanation of the above content, we can clearly understand the mechanism, application method and its effects of bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether in enhancing the tensile strength of polyurethane elastomers. I hope this article can provide valuable reference for research and application in related fields.

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